Legal requirements and documentation for moving to Norway

Moving to Norway from the UK has become more complex due to changes following Brexit. It’s crucial to understand the legal requirements and ensure you have all the necessary documentation before making the move. Here’s what you need to know:

Residency requirements post-Brexit

As of 2024, UK citizens no longer have the freedom of movement within the EU, which means you must apply for a residence permit if you plan to stay in Norway for more than 90 days. For shorter stays (up to 90 days within a 180-day period), you can enter Norway without a visa for tourism or business purposes. However, any stay longer than 90 days requires you to secure a residence permit.

Types of residence permits

1. Work permit: If you plan to work in Norway, you’ll likely need a work permit. The Skilled Worker Permit is one of the most common permits, requiring proof of a job offer with a salary that meets the minimum threshold set by Norwegian authorities. Occupations eligible for this permit include engineering, IT, healthcare, and other specialized professions.
2. Family immigration permit: If you have close family members who are Norwegian citizens or residents, you may apply for a family immigration permit to live with them in Norway.
3. Student Visa: For those intending to study in Norway, a student visa is required. This visa allows you to stay for the duration of your studies and may permit limited work hours.

Application process

Applications must be submitted through VFS Global centres in the UK, located in London or Edinburgh. As of January 1, 2024, all applicants are required to book an appointment with a VFS centre for submitting their application. The process cannot be completed by post or directly at the embassy.

You will need the following documents:

• A valid passport issued within the last 10 years and valid for at least three months beyond your planned departure from Norway.
• A completed application form.
• Proof of funds to support yourself during your stay.
• A cover letter explaining the purpose of your stay.
• Travel insurance.
• Proof of accommodation in Norway.

Important considerations

• Passport validity: Ensure your UK passport meets the requirements, specifically that it has been issued within the last 10 years and remains valid for at least three months after you plan to leave Norway.
• Brexit adjustments: The process has been adapted to reflect the UK’s non-EU/EEA status, which involves more stringent requirements than before Brexit.

For the most accurate and up-to-date information, always refer to the official Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI) website or consult with the Norwegian embassy.

Cost of living in Norway

Understanding the cost of living in Norway is crucial for anyone planning to move from the UK. Norway is known for its high standard of living, but this comes with a corresponding cost. Here’s a detailed look at what you can expect:

Housing costs

• Renting: Housing is one of the most significant expenses in Norway. In Oslo, the average monthly rent for a one-bedroom apartment in the city centre is approximately NOK 13,850 (£1,065). For those looking to save on rent, apartments outside the city centre typically range from NOK 8,000 to NOK 10,000 (£615 to £770) per month.
• Buying property: If you’re considering purchasing a home, be prepared for high property prices, especially in cities like Oslo, where the average price per square metre can exceed NOK 85,000 (£6,540). Suburban and rural areas tend to be more affordable but command higher prices than many UK regions.
• Utilities: Monthly utility costs, including electricity, heating, water, and rubbish collection, average around NOK 1,571 (£120) for an 85-square-metre apartment.

Food and groceries

• Grocery shopping: Norway’s grocery prices are considerably higher than those in the UK. For example, a litre of milk costs around NOK 23.30 (£1.80), and a loaf of bread averages NOK 30.58 (£2.35). Fresh produce and meat prices are also steep, with some items costing nearly double what you’d pay in the UK.
• Eating out: Dining out is an experience, but it comes at a price. A meal for two at a mid-range restaurant in Oslo can set you back NOK 1,000 (£77), while a simple meal at McDonald’s costs around NOK 130 (£10).

Transportation

• Public transport: Norway boasts an efficient public transportation system, especially in cities like Oslo. A 30-day public transportation pass costs around NOK 800 (£60), making it an affordable option compared to owning a car. Single tickets cost NOK 36 (£2.70) when purchased through an app, and NOK 56 (£4.20) if bought directly from the driver.
• Driving: For those who prefer driving, petrol prices are around NOK 21.5 (£1.60) per litre, and parking in city centres can be expensive, often costing NOK 30 to NOK 50 (£2.30 to £3.85) per hour.

Healthcare costs

• Public Healthcare: Norway’s healthcare system is largely public and offers excellent services at a relatively low cost. A typical GP visit costs NOK 160 (£12), and an annual cap on out-of-pocket healthcare expenses is set at NOK 3,165 (£237) for 2024. Once you reach this limit, you won’t have to pay for additional treatment for the rest of the year.
• Private Insurance: While public healthcare covers most needs, some opt for private insurance, particularly for dental care, which is not fully covered by the public system. Costs for private insurance vary based on the coverage level and personal factors.

Education costs

• Public education: Education in Norway is free from primary school through to university for all residents, including UK citizens. However, international schools, which might be necessary for expat children, charge tuition fees that can vary significantly depending on the institution.
• Preschool/Kindergarten: Preschool education (barnehage) is subsidized, with fees capped at NOK 3,040 (£228) per month as of 2019. Additional monthly food costs can add NOK 200 to NOK 800 (£15 to £60).

Understanding these costs will help you plan your budget effectively, ensuring a smooth transition into your new life in Norway.

Best places to live in Norway

Choosing the right place to live is an essential part of your move to Norway. The country offers a range of living environments, from bustling cities to serene rural towns, each with its own unique appeal. Here’s a guide to some of the best places to consider:

Oslo

• Why Oslo? As the capital city, Oslo is a vibrant hub of culture, business, and innovation. It’s home to Norway’s most diverse population and offers a wide range of amenities, including excellent schools, healthcare, and public transport.
• Cost of living: While Oslo has the highest cost of living in Norway, it’s also where many of the country’s best job opportunities are concentrated, particularly in sectors like tech, finance, and government.
• Lifestyle: Oslo offers a balanced lifestyle with easy access to nature. Residents can enjoy the city’s parks, museums, restaurants, and outdoor activities like hiking and skiing, which are just a short distance away.

Bergen

• Why Bergen? Known as the “Gateway to the Fjords,” Bergen is perfect for those who appreciate natural beauty and a slower pace of life. It’s a UNESCO World Heritage city with a rich history and a strong cultural scene.
• Cost of living: Bergen’s cost of living is slightly lower than Oslo’s, but housing prices can still be high, particularly in desirable areas close to the city centre or with fjord views.
• Lifestyle: The city’s coastal location means it’s often rainy, but the surrounding mountains and fjords offer stunning scenery and outdoor activities year-round. Bergen is also a significant centre for the shipping and oil industries, providing ample job opportunities.

Trondheim

• Why Trondheim? As Norway’s third-largest city, Trondheim is known for its strong tech industry and vibrant student population. It’s an excellent choice for those working in technology, research, or academia.
• Cost of living: Trondheim’s cost of living is comparable to Bergen’s, with slightly more affordable housing options, especially in the suburbs.
• Lifestyle: Trondheim has a rich cultural history, with landmarks like the Nidaros Cathedral. The city offers a good balance between urban life and access to nature, with numerous parks, hiking trails, and ski resorts nearby.

Stavanger

• Why Stavanger? Stavanger is the heart of Norway’s oil industry and has been transitioning towards more diverse sectors, including green technology. It’s an ideal location for professionals in these industries.
• Cost of living: Stavanger’s living cost is on par with other major Norwegian cities, but housing can be more affordable in suburban areas.
• Lifestyle: The city is known for its charming old town with wooden houses and a strong sense of community. Stavanger’s coastal location also means there are plenty of beaches and opportunities for water sports.

Family-friendly areas

• Bærum (near Oslo): Bærum is one of the most sought-after suburbs for families, known for its excellent schools, safe environment, and close proximity to Oslo. It offers a mix of urban convenience and suburban tranquillity.
• Asker (near Oslo): Another popular choice for families, Asker provides a peaceful setting with good schools, plenty of outdoor activities, and easy access to Oslo by train.
• Os (near Bergen): South of Bergen, Os is a growing town with a family-friendly atmosphere, good schools, and beautiful natural surroundings. It’s ideal for those who want to be close to Bergen but prefer a quieter lifestyle.
• Melhus (near Trondheim): Located just south of Trondheim, Melhus offers a rural setting with a strong community feel. It’s a great option for families looking for more space and a slower pace of life.

Emerging tech hubs

• Trondheim: Already established as a major tech hub, Trondheim is home to over 800 tech companies and has strong ties to the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU).
• Stavanger: As Stavanger diversifies from its oil-based economy, it’s becoming a key player in green technology and sustainability, making it an attractive option for professionals in these fields.
• Drammen: Located near Oslo, Drammen is emerging as a growing tech and industrial hub, benefiting from its proximity to the capital and excellent transport links.

When choosing where to live in Norway, consider factors such as proximity to work, the cost of living, and the lifestyle that best suits you and your family. Each location offers something unique, ensuring you’ll find the perfect place to call home.

Cultural differences and integration: Adapting to life in Norway

Moving to Norway isn’t just about adapting to a new location; it’s also about understanding and integrating into a different culture. Norway has a unique social fabric shaped by its values, traditions, and social norms. Here’s what you need to know to smoothly transition into Norwegian life:

Norwegian values: The concept of Janteloven

One of Norway’s most influential cultural concepts is Janteloven or the Law of Jante. This unwritten social code emphasizes humility, equality, and community over individualism. It’s reflected in many aspects of Norwegian life:

• Modesty in self-presentation: Norwegians tend to downplay their achievements and avoid boasting. It’s common to be modest about one’s accomplishments, whether in professional or personal life.
• Equality in social interactions: There’s little emphasis on job titles or social status in everyday conversations. People generally address each other by first names, regardless of their position or age, reinforcing a sense of equality.
• Restraint in emotional expression: Norwegians often show restraint in their emotions, avoiding overt displays of enthusiasm or anger in public. Compliments are given sparingly and are modestly received.

Understanding and respecting these values will help you integrate more easily into Norwegian society and build strong relationships with locals.

Work-life balance

Norway is renowned for its excellent work-life balance, which is significantly different from what many expats might be used to in the UK:

• Shorter working hours: The standard workweek in Norway is 37.5 hours, and overtime is uncommon. When overtime is necessary, it’s often compensated with time off rather than additional pay.
• Family time: There is a strong emphasis on family and personal time. It’s perfectly acceptable, and even encouraged, to leave work early for family commitments or to enjoy leisure activities.
• Generous vacation: Norwegians typically enjoy five weeks of vacation per year, and it’s culturally expected that employees fully disconnect from work during holidays.

Communication style

The Norwegian communication style is generally direct but also understated:

• Indirect criticism: Norwegians often deliver criticism in a soft, indirect manner to avoid confrontation. You might need to read between the lines during discussions to fully understand the feedback being given.
• Consensus building: Decision-making in Norway, especially in workplaces, is often a collective process. Meetings involve discussions where everyone’s input is valued, and decisions are typically reached by consensus rather than directive.

Social etiquette

• Respect for privacy: Norwegians place a high value on privacy. It’s considered impolite to ask about personal matters such as income, relationship status, or other private details unless the person shares them voluntarily.
• Reserved nature: While Norwegians are friendly, they may come across as reserved initially. Social interactions can be more formal compared to the UK, but once relationships are established, Norwegians are warm and supportive.
• Punctuality: Being on time is crucial in Norway. Whether for a business meeting or a social event, punctuality is seen as a sign of respect.

Integration tips

• Learn the language: While many Norwegians speak excellent English, learning Norwegian will significantly enhance your integration and allow you to participate fully in local life.
• Join local activities: Engage in local activities, such as outdoor sports, community events, or cultural festivals. This helps you integrate and provides opportunities to meet new people and build connections.
• Respect local customs: Understanding and respecting Norwegian customs and traditions, such as celebrating Constitution Day on May 17th, will help you feel more connected to your new community.

Adjusting to life in Norway involves understanding and assuming these cultural differences. By doing so, you’ll find it easier to integrate and enjoy Norway’s unique and rewarding lifestyle.

Employment and business opportunities in Norway

Norway’s economy is diverse and robust, offering a range of opportunities for professionals and entrepreneurs alike. Whether you’re looking to join the workforce or start your own business, understanding the landscape is key to making informed decisions.

Job market overview

Norway’s job market is competitive but highly rewarding, particularly for those with skills in in-demand sectors:

In-demand sectors

• IT and technology: Norway is experiencing a significant demand for IT professionals, including software engineers, AI experts, and cybersecurity specialists. The average yearly salary for IT professionals ranges from 700,000 NOK (£51,058) to 900,000 NOK (£65,646). Key areas include cloud computing, data analytics, and software development.
• Healthcare: With a growing elderly population, there is a high demand for healthcare workers, particularly nurses and caregivers, especially in nursing homes. This sector also needs teachers and teaching assistants, though proficiency in Norwegian is often required.
• Engineering: Engineers, particularly in civil and mechanical fields, are sought after. The average salary for mechanical engineers can range from 599,756 NOK (£43,750) to 1,061,978 NOK (£77,465) per year.
• Green economy: As Norway shifts towards renewable energy, there are increasing opportunities in green sectors. Job roles include wind energy engineers, solar panel technicians, and environmental scientists.

Job hunting tips

• Utilise job platforms: Platforms like Finn.no and NAV (the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration) are essential tools for finding job openings. Additionally, LinkedIn is widely used for professional networking in Norway.
• Networking: Networking is crucial in Norway’s job market. The startup community, in particular, is known for its strong networking culture, which can be vital for securing job opportunities.

Starting a business

For those looking to start a business, Norway offers a supportive and innovation-driven environment:

Legal framework

• Business registration: Foreign entrepreneurs must first obtain a D-number (a unique identification number for temporary residents) and have a Norwegian business address. Businesses must be registered with the Register of Business Enterprises, with specific requirements depending on the business structure. For example, limited companies require a minimum share capital of 30,000 NOK.
• Business structure options: You can choose from various business structures, such as a sole proprietorship, partnership, or limited company. It’s important to select the structure that best fits your business needs.

Financial support

• Grants and loans: Innovation Norway offers financial support, including grants and loans, particularly for tech and green energy startups. Initial grants can range from 50,000 NOK to 100,000 NOK, depending on the complexity of the business.
• Support programs: There are various programs available, such as StartUp Labs, which offers funding and networking support, and LeanVenture, which promotes IT-based business models.

Key industries

• Energy and maritime: Norway’s economy is heavily influenced by its energy and maritime sectors, with opportunities in both traditional oil and gas and the growing renewable energy market.
• Technology and professional services: Sectors like Fintech, Cleantech, and Medtech are expanding rapidly, offering opportunities for innovative startups. Additionally, there is a demand for professional services in the finance, ICT, and legal sectors.

Business risks and challenges

• High costs: Norway is known for its high cost of living and doing business. Entrepreneurs should be prepared for this reality when planning their operations.
• Language barriers: While English is widely spoken, learning Norwegian can be crucial for successful business operations, particularly when dealing with regulatory and legal matters.

Norway’s commitment to fostering a green economy and supporting innovation creates a vibrant landscape for both employment and entrepreneurship. You can thrive in this dynamic environment with the right preparation and understanding of the market.

Conclusion: Making the move to Norway

Relocating to Norway from the UK offers a unique chance to experience one of the most beautiful and well-functioning countries in the world. With its strong economy, excellent work-life balance, and stunning natural landscapes, Norway provides an environment where both individuals and families can thrive. By understanding the local culture, navigating the job market, and preparing for the practicalities of your move, you’ll be well on your way to making the most of your new life in Norway.

Embrace the Norwegian lifestyle, from its deep respect for nature to its commitment to equality, and you’ll find that Norway truly is a place where you can live, work, and enjoy life to the fullest.

If you’re ready to take the next step in your journey to Norway, Total Moving Solutions is here to help. Contact us today for expert advice and a personalised moving plan tailored to your needs.